South America

South America is one of the seven continents. It is the fourth largest continent, the southern of the two continents of the Western Hemisphere. It is divided politically into 12 independent countries—Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela—and French Guiana, which is out in the ocean but is a part of South America. South America is connected to North America by the Isthmus of Panama; it is washed on the N by the Caribbean Sea, on the E by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the W by the Pacific Ocean.


South America is named after Amerigo Vespucci, who was the first European to suggest that the Americas were not the East Indies, but a New World unknown to Europeans. South America is sometimes considered a single continent or a supercontinent, while the other continents are called subcontinents.

The South American continent also includes various islands, most of which belong to countries on the continent. The Caribbean territories are grouped with North America. The South American nations that border the Caribbean Sea – including Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana, are also called the Caribbean South America.

Africa

Africa is one of the continents on earth. It is the second largest continent in the world, but it has the most countries of any other continent. Africa has the largest desert in the world, the Sahara. Grasslands cover most of the land in Africa, and rainforests are in western Africa near the equator. The Nile River, which is the longest river in the world, is located in Africa. Africa is a really big continent with millions of people and dangerous animals. There are more than 1000 languages spoken in Africa. Some of them have been spoken for hundreds of years, and some of the Africans speak the European way of the exploreres and colonists from other countries. Africa also has the tallest and shortest people living there.

There are probably 53 counties in Africa (some of them have been disputed). Sudan is the biggest country there, it's 967,500 square miles. Nigera, Egypt, and Ethiopia are the three countries with the largest populations in Africa. Nigera has 107,000,000 people, Egypt has 64,800,000 people, and Ethiopia has 58,700,000 people there.

Mt. Kilimanjaro, in Tanzania, is the tallest point in Africa. It is 19,340 feet tall, 5895 meters. Africa is no longer mountain chains. Lake Assal, in Djibouti, is the lowest point in Africa. It is 512 feet below sea level, 156 meters.

The largest lake in Africa is LAke Victoria. Lake Tanganyika, Lake Malawi, and Lake Chad are other large lakes in Africa. The longest river is the Nile River. Congo River, the Niger River, and the Zambezi River are other rivers that are large too. Africa is full of vast deserts, but not only that, hot desrets too. The Sahara Desert is one and the Kalahari Desert is two. The Sahara Desert is located north from Africa, and the Kalahari Desert is south from Africa.

The biggest island, outside of Africa but still part of Africa, is Madagascar. It is near the coast of southeast Africa. The Seychelles (a chain of islands north of Madagascar), the Comoros (another chain of islands north of Madagascar), the Canary Islands (a chain of islands off the northwest coast), the Madeira Islands (another chain f islands off the northwest coast), the Cape Verde Islands (off the coast of western Africa), Equilatoral Guinea (off the coast ofCameroon), and Sao Tome (southwest of Equa torial Guinea).